Delhi Sultanate(1206 AD - 1526 AD)
During this period of 300 years, 5 dynasties of 32 kings ruled Delhi.
The earliest rulers of Delhi Sultanate are Mamluks.Mohammad Ghori - Died in 1206 AD
Slave Dynasty( 1206AD-1290AD ):
1. Qutubuddin Aibek- Mohammad Ghori died in 1206 AD
- Qutubuddin Aibek declared himself as Delhi Sultanate
- Ruled for four years.
- Started construction of Qutub Minar
- Son of Qutubuddin Aibek
- completed the construction of Qutub Minar
- Established vast kingdom by the end of 1220 AD
- Became sultan after defeating Aram Shah son of Aibek
- Daughter of Iltamush
- Ruled for 1236-1240 AD
- Wise and capable ruler
- Faced many difficulties being a woman
- She was killed in 1240 AD
4. Nasiruddin
- Youngest son of Iltamush
- He was a failure as a king
- The administration was carried on by his general Balban
- Balban was a loving man, strong-willed powerful personality.
- Member of "Chalisa" or "The Forty" a group of Turkish people selected and trained by Iltamush for his self-defense
- Nasiruddin died in 1266
5. Balban
- After Nasiruddin Balban became Delhi Sultanate
- He recommended simple living
- He died in 1287
- His grandson was the last ruler of Slave Dynasty
- He was murdered in 1290
Khilji Dynasty( 1290AD-1320AD ):
1. Alauddin Khilji
- He wanted to Conquer the world like Alexander
- He ascended the throne by killing his uncle in father-in-law
- Apart from Gujarat and Malwa, he captured the famous 'Ranthambore' and Chittor forts.
- Sent large army to the south under the command of Malik kafur
- Malik kafur looted and collected very huge hauls of gold from different Kingdoms.
- He attacked even Madurai
- Alauddin Khilji domain was as large as that of Ashoka
- He brought out many reforms
- Kept administration and relegion seperate
- introduced price control and market control
- Bribery was punishable
- Land revenue was according to the size of land
- lover of art and music
- "Amir khusro" member of his court invented Sitar and Tabala
Tughluq Dynasty( 1320AD-1399AD ):
1. Ghiasuddin Tughluq
2. Mohammed Tughlug
- was an able administrator
- His plan to shift capital Delhi to Devagiri which he renamed Daulatabad
- Another plan for copper and brass coins also failed
- succeeded Mohammed Tughluq
- spent less on war and armies and more on Hospitals, educational institutions, bridges, canals etc. for the welfare of the people
- during his time many Sanskrit works were translated to Arabic
Sayyid Dynasty( 1399AD-1451AD ):
1. Timur
- He is a Mongol who invaded India
- Marched to Delhi and defeated the Tughluq rulers
- Timurs deputy Khizr khan settled in Delhi and declared himself as Sultan
Lodhi Dynasty( 1451AD-1526AD ):
1. Sikander Lodhi
- Ruled over the region of Ganga Valley as far as West Bengal
- Shifted capital from Delhi to a new town which later came to known as Agra
- Son of Sikander Lodhi
- ruled for 1517- 1526
- he was a tyrant
- his nobles and people conspired him with Babur
- Babur, the king of Kabul overthrew and succeeded him in 1526
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